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Quantitative research critique Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Quantitative evaluate - Research Paper Example The creators feel that the differentiation between these atypical drugs and the comorbidit...

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

Banning the use of Tobacco

Banning the use of Tobacco Introduction Tobacco is a product of a species of plant that has nicotine content. Harvested as leaves of that particular plant, tobacco can be used to control pests or even as medicine.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Banning the use of Tobacco specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is however widely used as a drug through smoking, snuffing, chewing among others. This paper seeks to support the banning of the use of tobacco. The paper will give reasons in support of the opinion. Why the use of Tobacco should be Banned Tobacco and cardiovascular diseases Tobacco like many other drugs has varied side effects that call for the control of its use. These negative impacts are manifested in individuals and ends up costing lives in the long run. One of the reasons why tobacco should be banned is its danger in relation to cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are complications that are associated with the heart and b lood vessels in the body such as arteries which carry blood to body parts. Once a cardiovascular disease is induced in a person, it manifests in different ways causing threats to a person’s health and thus life. A significant percentage of heart complications related deaths have, for example, been associated with tobacco smoking with reports ranging this value at about thirty percent. One of the contents of tobacco, carbon monoxide, has for example been identified to have an impact on the oxygen carrying capacity of blood. Consequently, a person who is under the influence of tobacco will suffer from insufficient supply of oxygen to vital body parts that include the â€Å"heart, lungs, brain and other vital body organs† (Wvdhhr 1). The nicotine content of tobacco also induces increased â€Å"heart beat rate and blood pressure† (Wvdhhr 1) as a result, the blood circulatory system is over worked and exposed to risks of being damaged.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This in the long run results in cases such as â€Å"heart attacks, high blood pressure, blood clots, strokes, hemorrhages† (Wvdhhr 1) among other disorders. A person who smokes is thus endangered by a number of complications that will negatively hinder the person’s operations and subsequently his or her life due to malfunctioning body parts. These effects can be easily transferred to aspects such as economic instability of the tobacco victim and immediate family members if the victim was the sole bread winner and is put down by such cardiovascular complications. A government’s responsibility over the welfare of its citizens therefore calls for a step to control such cardiovascular complications and subsequent impacts and one of the primary ways to do this is by banning the consumption of tobacco. Tobacco and cancers Another reason why tobacco sho uld be banned is because of its effect in causing a number of cancers in the body. Cancer is characterized by an induced growth of malignant cells in a person’s body. These cancerous growths also have an effect of malfunctioning of specified body organs despite the level of pain that might be associated with it. Tobacco smoking has been identified to; for example, cause about â€Å"ninety percent of laryngeal cancer and lung cancer and a significant percentage of oral, esophageal and stomach cancers† (Tobacco 1). Once the cancerous cells start to grow in the body parts, they impair the parts and might even spread causing wounds in the body with subsequent dangers such as death. Lung cancer will, for example, be characterized with growth of foreign cells in the lungs and a corresponding damage of the normal cells. As a result, the normal functionality of the lungs such as the absorption of oxygen into the body and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the body will be impaired. Respiratory processes that require oxygen and are necessary for cellular activities of the body will therefore be compromised.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Banning the use of Tobacco specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Stomach cancer may also impair digestive processes and subsequent poor supply of nutrients to the body. The other cancers such as oral or esophageal may also be associated with a level of pain that can even discourage an individual from eating. As a result, there will be poor nutritional habit in a victim of these cancers due to insufficient supply of nutrients to the body cells and subsequent insufficient energy generated by the body. Tobacco therefore with respect to its induced cancers affects the functionality of body organs and the overall health of an individual. These complications have been associated with significant percentage of premature deaths among tobacco users (Tobacco 1). To bacco and Addiction Another reason for alarm over the use of tobacco is the threat of addiction that it poses to its users. Like in cases of other drugs, and induced by its nicotine content, tobacco compels its users into addiction which makes them to even overlook the side effects that the drug has in their lives. Following the addiction, individual addicts together with help that they receive from social society is not sufficient to help them out of the drug. The only viable control is thus an authoritative step to ban the drug (Dugdale 1). Conclusion The use of tobacco is identifiably unhealthy following its risks to the user’s health that is then spread to other members of the society through social and economic costs. Since the drug is addictive, individual users can not easily and willingly stop the consumption the drug. The significant control measure therefore lies in banning usage of the drug. Dugdale, David. Drug dependence. NCBI, 20101. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Tobacco. Dangers of tobacco. Tobacco Facts, n.d. Web. tobacco-facts.info/dangers_of_tobacco.htm Wvdhhr. Tobacco and CVD. WVDHHR, n.d. Web. wvdhhr.org/bph/cvd/page1.htm

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Aging in America Adult Caregiving Conflict essay

Aging in America Adult Caregiving Conflict essay Aging in America: Adult Caregiving Conflict essay Aging in America: Adult Caregiving Conflict essayThe population of our planet is aging rapidly: every second, two people in the world celebrate their sixtieth birthday. Over the past 30 years, the population aged 60 and older has doubled, while by 2050 its share is expected to double again (UNESC, 2012). According to The National Alliance for Caregiving data (2009), persons aged 65 or older make 13% of the United States population, and this figure may grow up to 19% already by 2030. The growing number of elderly people is explained by the improved quality of health care, intensive progress of medicine, advances in health surveillance, as well as expanding access to education and economic prosperity. The opportunity to live a long life is obviously a triumph of human development, however, the rapid aging of population brings with it many new challenges, one of which is the necessity to provide adequate caregiving for the elderly people.In its essence, aging is quite a natural, gradual extinction of the work of all human organs and systems, including nervous. The transformation in the psyche affect the behavior, prevent an elderly person from coping with life challenges, reduce flexibility and mental alertness, give rise to a predisposition toward conservatism and idealization of the past. In some cases, specific conditions get attached, including intellectual impairment and Alzheimer’s disease, which significantly complicates the lives of both care recipients and caregivers. Misunderstanding of the processes that occur in the body of their old relative or friend generates many conflicts in caregivers, while assuming an obligation to care for an elderly person always has an open-ended term. At the same time, in contrast to children who, with very few exceptions, exchange parent care for independent personal life, over the years, the elderly often become even more and more dependent on those who care for them. Further, in this paper we will review recent re searches on inner caregiving conflicts to understand their nature, underlying reasons, as well as major consequences.Identifying caregivers: gender, intergenerational and interfamily relationsToday, caregivers generally make up to 29% of the U.S. adult population (The National Alliance for Caregiving, 2009), while 43.5 million adult caregivers care for someone aged older that 50, and about 15 million care for someone who has Alzheimer’s disease or other dementia (Alzheimer’s Association, 2011). Among them, 68% are female caregivers, averagely aged 48 (The National Alliance for Caregiving, 2009). Indeed, a number of researches (Holstein et al., 2010; Kramer Thompson, 2002; Lahaie et al., 2013) state that male caregivers are less prone to providing personal care, while Lee and Tang (2013) study suggests that the situation may change in the nearest future due to a variety of newly emergent social and demographic factors. Thus, Lee and Tang (2013) confirmed that contempor ary men are sharing more caregiving tasks than a decade ago, still, according to Lahaie et al. (2013) women still bear the key burden of care. In particular, the comparison of caregiving tasks performed by men and women in elderly married couples shows that 24% of husbands helped their wives to get dressed compared to 28% of female caregivers, and only 16% of husbands helped with bathing versus 30% of wives (Lahaie et al., 2013; p. 254-56). Other studies (Brannen Petite, 2008; Brank Wylie, 2014; The National Alliance for Caregiving, 2009) have also demonstrated that about 36% of female caregivers handle the most difficult caregiving tasks (e.g., bathing and toileting) compared to 24% of male caregivers, who, in their turn, are more inclined to help with household budget, arrange care or even hire assistance. Generally, according to Lee and Tang (2013), female caregivers also show to spend more time providing care (21.9 hours per week vs. 17.4 by male caregivers).A number of studie s also signify the influence of age differences on the type and degree of conflict experiences by comparing the quality of care provided in intergenerational and intermarriage relations. In particular, many elderly spouses show greater sincerity in helping one another, and according to Kwak et al. (2012) reports, are satisfied with much more areas of their lives, compared with their adult children. Their emotional investment makes them feel more involved, but at the same time less burdened. They also rarely put their spouse in a rest home, in comparison to what adult children would prefer to do.Meanwhile, as it was marked above in Kramer and Thompson (2002) and Lahaie et al. (2013) research, wives typically experience greater responsibility for performing caregiving tasks than their husbands, while, a recent study by Lee and Tang (2013) found that husbands who face the role of caregivers showed higher levels of anxiety than women, possibly due to the fact that they were less familia r with this role. Perhaps for the same reason a portion of husbands in research showed to feel satisfaction as now they get an opportunity to reward their wives for all the care they received from them in the past. In contrast, wives who have spent a lifetime caring for children and elderly parents may experience the state of anger and resentment, having found themselves in a position where they must once again take responsibility on their shoulders (Lahaie et al., 2013; Brannen Petite, 2008; Lee Tang, 2013).Indeed, practice reveals that facing caregiving for the elderly parents, adult daughters, at least in the US population samples, feel a greater sense of duty to provide care and take on a caregiver’s role, then adult sons and adult daughters’ own husbands. Suffering a deep role conflict, â€Å"women in the middle†, as Kramer and Thompson (2002) defined them, are often unable to perform professional and family duties properly to combine them with the intens ive care provision. As a consequence, adult caregiving daughters more often leave their jobs to take care of their parents and start paying less attention to their husbands (Lahaie et al., 2013; Brannen Petite, 2008; Lee Tang, 2013).Another painful intergenerational family conflict includes sibling rivalry issues, when one of the siblings refuses to care for the elderly parent, criticizes the caregiver, or generates strained connections. The cause of sibling friction consists in reviving old relationship patterns and unresolved childhood tensions, sharpened by the newly created pressure of caregiving responsibility. In this case, according to Willyard et al. (2008), adult children start replaying their historical family roles and long forgotten dynamics of competition for parent’s attention. Besides, tensions may intensify in cases when one sibling is unable to accept the reality of parents’ aging problems, and thus distances from caregiving involvement. As a result, typically, only one sibling takes the leading role in care giving, which, however, may depend on non-family-related factors, such as closeness to parents’ house, absence of work and own family (Willyard et al., 2008, p. 1678). Regardless of the reasons, this conflict can lead to situation where one sibling is highly overburdened and the other one feels left out.In this perspective, intergenerational caregiving is found to become less stressful if the caregiving adult has a life partner. According to Bialon and Coke (2012) studies, married caregivers receive greater support and are less likely to suffer from depression than those without a partner. Besides, comparing families where caregivers were living with their elderly parents and families living separately, Brank and Wylie (2014) found that in the latter case the intergenerational partnership was significantly more strained, while those living together considered their caregiving activities natural.However, having applie d multi-factor models, experts (Brank Wylie, 2014; Bialon Coke, 2012; Holstein et al., 2010; Kwak et al., 2012; Willyard et al., 2008) came up to the common conclusion that it is insignificant who is providing care in particular, the elderly wife, husband, adult daughter or son. Instead, it is much more important to know the extent of the emotional connection between the caregiver and care recipient, and the approximate balance of one’s inquiries and resources in the key areas of life including physical, household and social spheres, employment status and financial position, as well as which particular costs are paid by caregiver’s sacrifice.Aging in America: Adult Caregiving Conflict essay   part 2

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Jefferson, Madison, and the War of 1812 Coursework

Jefferson, Madison, and the War of 1812 - Coursework Example Britain blocked American shipping vessels in order to stop supply of goods to France. France also imposed trade restrictions on neutral countries prohibiting trade with Britain. Britain’s impressment actions, which entailed forcing Americans to work on the British ships, also angered the Americans. The Royal Navy searched American ships for illegal goods and deserters who left the Royal Navy to work in American ships. In addition, Britain supported the Native American communities to resist American westward expansion. Thomas Jefferson sought to protect US interests by restricting trade with both Britain and France through the Embargo Act (Ward, 254). However, this act was very unpopular as it hurt severely the American economy. A group of new congress members, ‘the War Hawks’ put more pressure on President Madison to declare war on Britain. The war produced mixed results for America (Ward, 244). The Ghent peace treaty did not resolve the impressment problems and enhance maritime rights. However, American victories in the Atlantic was a sign of American future power. The War was a loss to the ‘War Hawks’ who hoped for annexation of Canada. The big losers were First Nations and Tecumseh who hoped to end American